Hazard

Is CVE-2023-28771 being exploited?

Weaponised and widely attempted

Reliable public exploit code exists, or mass exploitation attempts are probable. Patch inside days, not weeks.

Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability

Zyxel · Multiple Firewalls

CVSS 9.8 EPSS 99% no public exploit indexed Fix deadline passed 21 June 2023

What it is

Zyxel ATP, USG FLEX, VPN, and ZyWALL/USG firewalls allow for improper error message handling which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.

Why we say that

  • EPSS puts exploitation in the next 30 days at 99%
  • CISA's federal remediation deadline (2023-06-21) has passed
  • CVSS 9.8 critical
  • Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue

Every line above comes from a named public source. Where the evidence is thin, we say so rather than inventing confidence — see methodology.

What to do

Apply updates per vendor instructions.

What it costs when this goes wrong

This is where UK enforcement meets the vulnerability record. Where an unfixed vulnerability leads to a breach, the ICO treats it as a security failure under UK GDPR. Recent cases:

All UK cases caused by unpatched software →